{"id":178,"date":"2019-10-17T22:10:52","date_gmt":"2019-10-17T22:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/chapter\/4-10-alpha-2\/"},"modified":"2021-12-07T11:10:40","modified_gmt":"2021-12-07T11:10:40","slug":"4-10-alpha-2","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/chapter\/4-10-alpha-2\/","title":{"raw":"4.10 Alpha-2 Agonist","rendered":"4.10 Alpha-2 Agonist"},"content":{"raw":"Clonidine is an Alpha-2 agonist\n\nMechanism of Action:<\/strong>\u00a0 Clonidine reduces sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system and decreases peripheral resistance and renal vascular resistance.\n\nIndications:<\/strong> Clonidine is used to treat hypertension (HTN) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).\n\nNursing Considerations:<\/strong> Monitor blood pressure and pulse rate frequently. Dosage is usually adjusted to the patient\u2019s blood pressure and can cause hypotension, bradycardia, and sedation. Rebound hypertension may occur if stopped abruptly.\n\nPatient Teaching & Education: <\/strong>Patients should be taught the importance of adhering to the same dosing schedule each day.\u00a0 Patients may experience orthostatic blood pressure changes and should be cautioned against the use of alcohol while taking this medication.\u00a0 Additionally, patients may experience increased susceptibility to blood pressure changes when exercising and exposed to hot environments.\u00a0 If the patient experiences mental depression as a side effect of the medication, a different medication therapy may be needed.[footnote]uCentral from Unbound Medicine. https:\/\/www.unboundmedicine.com\/ucentral<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n\nNow let's take a closer look at the medication grid on clonidine in Table 4.10.[footnote]This work is a derivative of Daily Med<\/a> by U.S. National Library of Medicine<\/a> in the public domain<\/a>.[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n\nTable 4.10 Cloinidine Medication Grid\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Class\/Subclass<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Prototype\/Generic<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Administration Considerations<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Therapeutic Effects<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Side\/Adverse Effects<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Alpha-2 agonist<\/th>\nclonidine<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\nMonitor blood pressure and pulse rate frequently\n\nDosage is usually adjusted to patient\u2019s BP and tolerance<\/td>\nTreat hypertension or ADHD<\/td>\nHypotension\n\nBradycardia\n\nSedation\n\nRebound hypertension if stopped abruptly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n

<\/a>Alpha-2 Antagonists<\/strong><\/h3>\nA2 antagonists are used in research with limited clinical application.[footnote]This work is a derivative of Daily Med<\/a> by U.S. National Library of Medicine<\/a> in the public domain. [\/footnote]<\/sup>","rendered":"

Clonidine is an Alpha-2 agonist<\/p>\n

Mechanism of Action:<\/strong>\u00a0 Clonidine reduces sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system and decreases peripheral resistance and renal vascular resistance.<\/p>\n

Indications:<\/strong> Clonidine is used to treat hypertension (HTN) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).<\/p>\n

Nursing Considerations:<\/strong> Monitor blood pressure and pulse rate frequently. Dosage is usually adjusted to the patient\u2019s blood pressure and can cause hypotension, bradycardia, and sedation. Rebound hypertension may occur if stopped abruptly.<\/p>\n

Patient Teaching & Education: <\/strong>Patients should be taught the importance of adhering to the same dosing schedule each day.\u00a0 Patients may experience orthostatic blood pressure changes and should be cautioned against the use of alcohol while taking this medication.\u00a0 Additionally, patients may experience increased susceptibility to blood pressure changes when exercising and exposed to hot environments.\u00a0 If the patient experiences mental depression as a side effect of the medication, a different medication therapy may be needed.[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Now let’s take a closer look at the medication grid on clonidine in Table 4.10.[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Table 4.10 Cloinidine Medication Grid<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Class\/Subclass<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Prototype\/Generic<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Administration Considerations<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Therapeutic Effects<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Side\/Adverse Effects<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Alpha-2 agonist<\/th>\nclonidine<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\nMonitor blood pressure and pulse rate frequently<\/p>\n

Dosage is usually adjusted to patient\u2019s BP and tolerance<\/td>\n

Treat hypertension or ADHD<\/td>\nHypotension<\/p>\n

Bradycardia<\/p>\n

Sedation<\/p>\n

Rebound hypertension if stopped abruptly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>Alpha-2 Antagonists<\/strong><\/h3>\n

A2 antagonists are used in research with limited clinical application.[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

  1. uCentral from Unbound Medicine. https:\/\/www.unboundmedicine.com\/ucentral<\/a> ↵<\/a><\/li>
  2. This work is a derivative of Daily Med<\/a> by U.S. National Library of Medicine<\/a> in the public domain<\/a>. ↵<\/a><\/li>
  3. This work is a derivative of Daily Med<\/a> by U.S. National Library of Medicine<\/a> in the public domain. ↵<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"menu_order":10,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":"cc-by"},"chapter-type":[49],"contributor":[],"license":[53],"class_list":["post-178","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless","license-cc-by"],"part":149,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":179,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/178\/revisions\/179"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/149"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/178\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=178"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=178"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}