{"id":218,"date":"2019-11-12T17:43:11","date_gmt":"2019-11-12T17:43:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/chapter\/5-7-decongestants\/"},"modified":"2021-12-07T11:11:13","modified_gmt":"2021-12-07T11:11:13","slug":"5-7-decongestants","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/chapter\/5-7-decongestants\/","title":{"raw":"5.7 Decongestants","rendered":"5.7 Decongestants"},"content":{"raw":"[caption id=\"attachment_217\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"596\"]\"Photo Figure 5.9 Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is a decongestant that is available OTC[\/caption]\n\nPseudoephedrine is an over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant (see Figure 5.9[footnote]\"Project 366 #165: 130612 Helping Hand?<\/a>\" by Pete<\/a> is licensed under public domain<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>).\u00a0 More details regarding pseudoephedrine are described in the \"Autonomic Nervous System\" chapter.\n\nMechanism of Action<\/strong>\n\nPseudoephedrine acts directly on the adrenergic receptors and acts indirectly by releasing norepinephrine from its storage sites. The drug produces vasoconstriction, which shrinks nasal mucosa membranes.\n\nIndications for Use<\/strong>\n\nDecongestants relieve nasal obstruction due to inflammation.\n\nNursing Considerations Across the Lifespan<\/strong>\n\nThis medication is not safe for children under the age of 4 years.\n\nAdverse\/Side Effects<\/strong>\n\nCommon adverse\/side effects include hypertension, dysrhythmia, dizziness, headache, insomnia, and restlessness. Some patients may experience blurred vision, tinnitus, chest tightness, dry nose, and nasal congestion.\n\nDecongestants are contraindicated in patients with severe hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), narrow-angle glaucoma, and some antidepressant use. Also, use with caution in patients who have cardiac dysrhythmias, hyperthyroidism, DM (diabetes mellitus), prostatic hypertrophy, and glaucoma.[footnote]Frandsen, G. & Pennington, S. (2018). Abrams\u2019 clinical drug: Rationales for nursing practice <\/em>(11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n\nPatient Teaching & Education<\/strong>\n\nPatients must take care to follow dosing recommendations.\u00a0 If dosing standards are surpassed, some patients may experience side effects such as increased nervousness, breathing difficulties, heart rate changes, and hallucinations.[footnote]uCentral from Unbound Medicine. https:\/\/www.unboundmedicine.com\/ucentral<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n\nNow let's take a closer look at the medication grid on Pseudoephedrine in Table 5.7.[footnote]This work is a derivative of\u00a0Pharmacology Notes: Nursing Implications for Clinical Practice<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Gloria Velarde<\/a>\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-NC-SA 4.0<\/a>.[\/footnote], [footnote]Frandsen, G. & Pennington, S. (2018).\u00a0Abrams\u2019 clinical drug: Rationales for nursing practice\u00a0<\/em>(11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.[\/footnote], [footnote]This work is a derivative of\u00a0Daily Med<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0U.S. National Library of Medicine<\/a>\u00a0in the public domain<\/a>. [\/footnote]<\/span><\/sup><\/span>\n\nTable 5.7 Pseudoephedrine Medication Grid<\/span>\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Class\/Subclass<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Prototype\/Generic<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Administration Considerations<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Therapeutic Effects<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Adverse\/Side Effects<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Decongestant<\/th>\npseudoephedrine<\/a><\/td>\nAdministration (drops, sprays)\n\nAvoid prolonged use > 7 days\n\nUse cautiously with cardiovascular disease\n\nMaintain hydration (2-3 liters\/day)<\/td>\nTemporarily relieves nasal congestion due to the common cold, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies\n\nTemporarily relieves sinus congestion and pressure<\/td>\nCardiovascular\u00a0stimulation\n\nRebound congestion with nasal route<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n ","rendered":"
\"Photo
Figure 5.9 Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is a decongestant that is available OTC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Pseudoephedrine is an over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant (see Figure 5.9[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup>).\u00a0 More details regarding pseudoephedrine are described in the “Autonomic Nervous System” chapter.<\/p>\n

Mechanism of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pseudoephedrine acts directly on the adrenergic receptors and acts indirectly by releasing norepinephrine from its storage sites. The drug produces vasoconstriction, which shrinks nasal mucosa membranes.<\/p>\n

Indications for Use<\/strong><\/p>\n

Decongestants relieve nasal obstruction due to inflammation.<\/p>\n

Nursing Considerations Across the Lifespan<\/strong><\/p>\n

This medication is not safe for children under the age of 4 years.<\/p>\n

Adverse\/Side Effects<\/strong><\/p>\n

Common adverse\/side effects include hypertension, dysrhythmia, dizziness, headache, insomnia, and restlessness. Some patients may experience blurred vision, tinnitus, chest tightness, dry nose, and nasal congestion.<\/p>\n

Decongestants are contraindicated in patients with severe hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), narrow-angle glaucoma, and some antidepressant use. Also, use with caution in patients who have cardiac dysrhythmias, hyperthyroidism, DM (diabetes mellitus), prostatic hypertrophy, and glaucoma.[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Patient Teaching & Education<\/strong><\/p>\n

Patients must take care to follow dosing recommendations.\u00a0 If dosing standards are surpassed, some patients may experience side effects such as increased nervousness, breathing difficulties, heart rate changes, and hallucinations.[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Now let’s take a closer look at the medication grid on Pseudoephedrine in Table 5.7.[4]<\/sup><\/a>, [5]<\/sup><\/a>, [6]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

Table 5.7 Pseudoephedrine Medication Grid<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Class\/Subclass<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Prototype\/Generic<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Administration Considerations<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Therapeutic Effects<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n
\n
Adverse\/Side Effects<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Decongestant<\/th>\npseudoephedrine<\/a><\/td>\nAdministration (drops, sprays)<\/p>\n

Avoid prolonged use > 7 days<\/p>\n

Use cautiously with cardiovascular disease<\/p>\n

Maintain hydration (2-3 liters\/day)<\/td>\n

Temporarily relieves nasal congestion due to the common cold, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies<\/p>\n

Temporarily relieves sinus congestion and pressure<\/td>\n

Cardiovascular\u00a0stimulation<\/p>\n

Rebound congestion with nasal route<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

  1. \"Project 366 #165: 130612 Helping Hand?<\/a>\" by Pete<\/a> is licensed under public domain<\/a> ↵<\/a><\/li>
  2. Frandsen, G. & Pennington, S. (2018). Abrams\u2019 clinical drug: Rationales for nursing practice <\/em>(11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. ↵<\/a><\/li>
  3. uCentral from Unbound Medicine. https:\/\/www.unboundmedicine.com\/ucentral<\/a> ↵<\/a><\/li>
  4. This work is a derivative of\u00a0Pharmacology Notes: Nursing Implications for Clinical Practice<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0Gloria Velarde<\/a>\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0CC BY-NC-SA 4.0<\/a>. ↵<\/a><\/li>
  5. Frandsen, G. & Pennington, S. (2018).\u00a0Abrams\u2019 clinical drug: Rationales for nursing practice\u00a0<\/em>(11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. ↵<\/a><\/li>
  6. This work is a derivative of\u00a0Daily Med<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0U.S. National Library of Medicine<\/a>\u00a0in the public domain<\/a>. ↵<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"menu_order":7,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":"cc-by"},"chapter-type":[49],"contributor":[],"license":[53],"class_list":["post-218","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless","license-cc-by"],"part":195,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":219,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/218\/revisions\/219"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/195"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/218\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=218"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=218"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/nursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}