{"id":378,"date":"2021-07-15T13:54:41","date_gmt":"2021-07-15T13:54:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/chapter\/the-principles-of-inclusion-diversity\/"},"modified":"2021-12-09T03:54:51","modified_gmt":"2021-12-09T03:54:51","slug":"the-principles-of-inclusion-diversity","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/chapter\/the-principles-of-inclusion-diversity\/","title":{"raw":"The Principles of Inclusion &amp; Diversity","rendered":"The Principles of Inclusion &amp; Diversity"},"content":{"raw":"A cross-cultural classroom caters to the needs of people from many cultures, languages, and socioeconomic backgrounds. The diverse classroom model believes that culture aids people in understanding one other and helps navigate our worldly understanding of each other.\r\n\r\nEverything we do is viewed through the lens of internalized norms and biases in its context. Similarly, individuals behave and think in regular activities from the perspective of the culture they belong to. Thus, An individual can address cultural constraints through human-centred designs. What is Human-centered design?\r\n<blockquote>...it is based on a philosophy that empowers an individual or team to design products, services, systems, and experiences that address the core needs of those who experience a problem[footnote] Design, D.C. (2017, August 14).\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/dc-design\/what-is-human-centered-design-6711c09e2779\"><em>What is human-centered design?<\/em><\/a> DC Design. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/medium.com\/dc-design\/what-is-human-centered-design-6711c09e2779.[\/footnote].\r\n<cite> - DC Design<\/cite><\/blockquote>\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"2560\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/09\/2-joel-mott-O9Ogddfvl-U-unsplash-scaled-4.jpg\" alt=\"A group photo of young people posing and having fun.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1714\" \/> Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/O9Ogddfvl-U\">Photo<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@joelmott?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\">Joel Mott<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/\">Unsplash<\/a>[\/caption]\r\n\r\nThis section will examine our ways of communicating and facilitating people on a global scale. Techniques in inclusive communication will be addressed for a more empathetic virtual community.\r\n\r\nAs we go through each concept, we will better understand and be aware of inclusiveness while also learning how to practice and promote it. We will increase our knowledge and awareness of equity, diversity and inclusivity through recognizing our own unconscious biases. This exploration will establish an environment that welcomes various perspectives and supports expression in a safe space.\r\n<div class=\"textbox callout\" style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>A commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion is the responsibility of all educators.<\/strong><\/div>\r\nThe following practices will be used to guide our actions and decisions.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Create a welcoming, supportive, and inclusive atmosphere that encourages all students to interact.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Encourage behaviours that promote cultural understanding, respect, acceptance, and celebration of diverse cultures, beliefs, and ideas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Develop skills that will help us succeed in a multicultural setting.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\"><strong>In this chapter you'll explore:<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Principles of Inclusion &amp; Diversity<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inclusivity strategies in teaching<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tools to utilize while exploring opportunities for personal reflection and growth<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Resources and tools for teachers and students that support diversity and inclusion<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1024\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/12\/w2000_PRODUCTS_EpoxyTerrazo-e1637243979100-3.jpg\" alt=\"A terrazzo medallion created by Indigenous artist Joseph Sagaj at Seneca College.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"493\" \/> Caption: A terrazzo medallion created by Indigenous artist Joseph Sagaj at Seneca\u2019s Centre for Innovation, Technology and Entrepreneurship (CITE). <br \/>Source: Seneca College, 2019, CC BY-NC-SA[\/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<details><!-- Diversity --><summary>Diversity<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nHaving a diverse culture means valuing individuals' right to identify as people of different races, colours, ages, genders, beliefs, ethnicities, cultural backgrounds, marital and family statuses, economic circumstances, ideas, expressions, experiences, skills and capabilities.\r\n\r\nDiversity describes the ability of individuals, groups, and organizations to be different and yet similar.\u00a0Organizational diversity depends on the representation of multiple perspectives within a group.\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u201cDiversity is being asked to the party. Inclusion is being asked to dance\u201d\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vernamyers.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.vernamyers.com\/\">Vera Myers<\/a> (https:\/\/www.vernamyers.com\/)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Inclusion --><summary>Inclusion<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nA commitment to inclusion means ensuring that diverse people and people with different identities are fully engaged in every aspect of an organization\u2019s work, including leadership roles and decision-making processes.\r\n\r\nThe concept of inclusion involves actively trying to ensure that diverse people from different backgrounds, with distinct identities, are fully included in all aspects of the classroom, including leadership positions and decision-making. In addition, it refers to how diverse individuals are respected and welcomed in the classroom community.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Equity --><summary>Equity<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nAs society continues to progress toward equality, a recognition of certain treatment for particular individuals' needs can help open up possibilities for their learning journey. possibilities. This is referred to as equity.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Engagement --><summary>Engagement<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nHere are some guidelines and principles for engaging learners and promoting inclusivity in the classroom to encourage engagement, encourage inclusivity and establish a positive learning environment:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Respect<\/strong>: open-minded understanding among individuals and groups; we create a \u201csafe space\u201d for everyone to contribute without judgment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Purpose<\/strong>: Each classroom must build a community that promotes cooperation and respect.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Cooperation<\/strong>: As a classroom community, collective contribution enhances individual success.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Freedom from discrimination<\/strong>: Working together to overcome unconscious bias and build a safe community where everyone may work together.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Expression of ideas<\/strong>: Support diverse views sensitively and respectfully and raise awareness of diverse viewpoints and engagement through education.[footnote]Lombardo, G. (23, June 2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/demagsign\/a-guide-to-cross-cultural-design-by-senongo-apkem-368c90de1b76\"><em>A guide to cross-cultural design \u2014 By Senongo Akpem<\/em><\/a>. DeMagSign. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/medium.com\/demagsign\/a-guide-to-cross-cultural-design-by-senongo-apkem-368c90de1b76.[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>\r\n<h2>Cultural Dimensions can Help us Understand Cultures Better<\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px\">Just as individuals have identities, so do nations and cultures. Cultural Anthropologist Geert Hofstede created in the early \u201880s a list of cultural dimensions.[footnote]Florentine, S. (14, February 2019). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html\"><em>Diversity and inclusion: 8 best practices for changing your culture<\/em><\/a>. CIO. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html.[\/footnote] <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00\">&lt;Wrong ref? check with SME&gt;<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<details><!-- Power Distance --><summary>Power Distance<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nIt refers to how less powerful members of society both accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. In lower PD cultures, members of the society can openly question authority and the distribution of power, and see relationships between leaders and subordinates as more equal.\r\n\r\n\u2192 Ask yourself: What visual markers of authority should I use? What taxonomies will my audience recognize and accept?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Individualism vs Collectivism --><summary>Individualism vs Collectivism<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nIn individualistic societies, people believe in a strong right to privacy, limited use of state power, a strong free press, individual interests over group interests, and self-determination. At work, they value personal opinions, challenges, and material rewards more. In collectivistic societies, people believe that avoiding shame, saving face, and maintaining harmony within the group are the best ways to affect personal change. At work, they value training more and governments have tighter control of the press and the economy and prioritize consensus over personal freedoms.\r\n\r\n\u2192 Ask yourself: How do I show evidence of success in society? What motivates my users to make decisions?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Femininity vs Masculinity --><summary>Femininity vs Masculinity<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\n(note that these terms are based on traditional gender normatively). The \u201cmasculine\u201d dimension defines a society that prefers assertiveness, achievement, heroism, and toughness. Gender roles are strictly maintained, and there is little sympathy for those who are deemed weak or overly caring. \u201cFeminine\u201d societies prefer cooperation, modesty, and quality of life. The vulnerable are cared for, and there is less competition for resources and rewards. Gender roles are not rigidly enforced.\r\n\r\n\u2192 Ask yourself: What voice and tone are appropriate for my audience? Are competition and comparison a core part of the user experience?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Uncertainty Avoidance --><summary>Uncertainty Avoidance<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nIt measures a society\u2019s tolerance for ambiguity and the unexpected. A high degree of UA means that people expect clarity in communication, and are more direct and active in getting their point across. Differences are seen as threats. In cultures with a low degree of UA, people are more accepting of differences and show less anxiety around new or unexpected things.\r\n\r\n\u2192 Ask yourself: Does my interface encourage browsing and wandering, or targeted search and drill-downs?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Long- vs Short-term Orientation --><summary>Long- vs Short-term Orientation<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nLTO societies see more value in looking toward the future; members of these societies are pragmatic, appreciate adaptability and focus on gaining useful skills over time, saving for the future \u2014 patiently adapting to market and cultural changes. STO cultures see more value in looking to the past and present; people in these societies prefer problem-solving for immediate results, and see rules and traditions as their primary sources of information.\r\n\r\n\u2192 Ask yourself: Does my content prioritize short- or long-term engagement? How do my content and visual identity treat family?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Indulgence vs Restraint --><summary>Indulgence vs Restraint<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nAn indulgent society allows its members relative freedom to enjoy life, participate in recreation and leisure, and pursue individual satisfaction. Restrained cultures control how their members satisfy their needs and desires; there are strict social, sexual, and disciplinary rules. Money is saved, not spent.\r\n\r\n\u2192 Ask yourself: Is happiness part of your experience? Are vices hinted at, ignored, or commented on openly?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>Everyone knows what a shoe is, but we all have a different vision of this. In the end, what we determine to be a shoe is not the same as what someone else might think. Like students, as much as we may think we know the students, they all have a different story.\r\n\r\nWe must be mindful of the assumptions we make to avoid false categorizations and generalizations. Openness embodies diversity and inclusion. Be sure to cultivate an atmosphere that encourages new perspectives and approaches.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1024\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/12\/AdobeStock_176683280_cropped-scaled-4.jpeg\" alt=\"Diverse group of people having a discussion\" width=\"1024\" height=\"570\" \/> Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/stock.adobe.com\/ca\/images\/business-people-are-having-a-discussion\/176683280?epik=dj0yJnU9UGd6VEtoWXhEdE4yR3Q1T2RCUEd2Q0JhTGkzWHhVNWQmcD0wJm49U1Z5bW5abEh3bTQ3WVpndzZZUUJpUSZ0PUFBQUFBR0dXWmhB&amp;content_id=176683280&amp;asset_id=176683280\">Photo<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/stock.adobe.com\/ca\/contributor\/204567087\/rawpixel-com?load_type=author&amp;prev_url=detail\">Rawpixel<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/stock.adobe.com\/ca\/free?ef_id=Cj0KCQiAkNiMBhCxARIsAIDDKNX7Y1P44Ii7amF9IaunowBEjcilbL1OlZ5BXjP3FUBrEsada6zAPHYaAtEKEALw_wcB:G:s&amp;s_kwcid=AL!3085!3!444559090928!e!!g!!adobe%20stock%20free!335482729!18992982049&amp;as_channel=sem&amp;as_campclass=brand&amp;as_campaign=CA|CPRO|Stock|PURCH|Brand_Exact|GG||&amp;as_source=google&amp;as_camptype=acquisition&amp;sdid=PQ7SQCN4&amp;mv=search&amp;gclid=Cj0KCQiAkNiMBhCxARIsAIDDKNX7Y1P44Ii7amF9IaunowBEjcilbL1OlZ5BXjP3FUBrEsada6zAPHYaAtEKEALw_wcB\">Adobe Stock free collection<\/a>[\/caption]\r\n<h2><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Respect, Compassion, and Justice<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nBelow is a list of points to consider for engagement:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Recognize that each person has distinct and specific needs in the classroom.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Respect each person's right to express and present themselves in terms of religion, culture, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, and physical and mental capability.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Encourage inclusiveness by modifying procedures, activities, and surroundings as needed.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Focus on the individual's abilities without making assumptions or assigning labels.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incorporate diversity throughout all means of communication.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Provide attention, respect, and justice to everybody.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<div class=\"textbox callout\">\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-thumbnail\" style=\"float: left\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/12\/Yellow__Idea-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/>\r\n<h3>Image Tips<\/h3>\r\nWhen creating material for diverse cultures, keep image selections in mind. Images of individuals in swimwear at the beach, for example, may not be suitable in all countries due to cultural, religious, or geographic reasons.\r\n\r\nConsider how a person is portrayed in a photograph. Although it may seem apparent, when selecting imagery for a certain culture, be sure that the visuals you choose correctly reflect people in that culture. Diversity should be displayed throughout your presentations so all feel welcome and can imagine themselves within the situation described.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2><strong>Diversity and inclusion: 8 best practices for changing culture<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px\">Here are a few highlights on inclusive practices from Sharon Florentine, CIO[footnote]Florentine, S. (14, February 2019). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html\"><em>Diversity and inclusion: 8 best practices for changing your culture<\/em><\/a>. CIO. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html.[\/footnote].<\/p>\r\n\r\n<details><!-- Establish a sense of belonging for everyone --><summary>Establish a sense of belonging for everyone<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nFor each individual to bring their best self forward, a sense of belonging must first be established. Having a connection to an organization or group of people that makes you feel you can be yourself not only results in greater engagement and creativity in the workplace, it\u2019s a psychological need.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Empathetic leadership is key --><summary>Empathetic leadership is key<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nDiversity and inclusion are often treated as a single initiative. For real change to happen, every individual leader needs to buy into the value of belonging \u2014 both intellectually and emotionally. Part of this process requires tuning in to empathy; each person remembering a time when they were excluded, shamed, interrupted, and so on, so they can apply those lessons outwardly. Leaders have to feel it within themselves; then they can identify the relationship with feeling excluded or making others feel excluded. That\u2019s a critical starting point.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Inclusion is ongoing \u2014 not one-off training --><summary>Inclusion is ongoing \u2014 not one-off training<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nIt isn\u2019t enough to teach students and staff what it means to be inclusive. Like any form of behaviour change, inclusion requires individuals to identify key moments in which to build new habits or \u201cmicro behaviours\u201d (daily actions that can be practiced and measured).\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Maximize joy and connection, minimize fear --><summary>Maximize joy and connection, minimize fear<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nPeople are wired to react with fear and distrust when their beliefs are challenged. Finding ways to frame challenges through a lens of possibility \u2014 and elevating the power of shared experiences and storytelling to do so \u2014 creates greater potential for positive change.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><details><!-- Forget \u2018fit\u2019 and focus on helping individuals thrive --><summary>Forget \u2018fit\u2019 and focus on helping individuals thrive<\/summary>\r\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\r\n\r\nThe norms, power structures, and inequities in society can easily become embedded in an organization. Creating a culture where every individual can contribute their full potential requires investigating the systems and processes in your class to uncover sore spots and blind spots, and then finding ways to reimagine them.\r\n\r\n\u201c\u2018Fit\u2019 can be dangerous, because it can exclude,\u201d Clark says. \u201cYou have to first be able to identify and bring to life your class values, mission and purpose, and define \u2018fit\u2019 so that it adheres to those. You have to define it differently.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\">Activity<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>[h5p id=\"113\"]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Key Takeaways: Terms and Concepts<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Race, faith and intersecting identities<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Dialogue, restoration and reflection<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Understand identities and incorporate this into engaging content<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Define, speak in simple terms, say it more than one way, repeat<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Create opportunities for the type of meaningful engagement that drives impact in learning<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ensure equal access for students\/learners<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Resources &amp; Tools<\/h2>\r\nGetting into college for disadvantaged students is only half the battle. Anthony Abraham Jack, Assistant Professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, reveals how and why they struggle and explains what schools can do differently if these students are to thrive. He urges us to grapple with a simple fact: access is not inclusion.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=j7w2Gv7ueOc\">On Diversity: Access Ain\u2019t Inclusion | Anthony Jack | TEDxCambridge<\/a>\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=j7w2Gv7ueOc\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s8Sy2rOyloU\">Teaching International Students: Academic Integrity<\/a>\r\n\r\nInternational students bring expectations of academic culture that are often not compatible with U.S. academic culture.\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s8Sy2rOyloU\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/be-inclusive.sypartners.com\/\">Practicing Inclusivity - Tips, rituals, and prompts for leading a more inclusive team<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cardsforhumanity.idean.com\/\">Cards for Humanity<\/a>: A practical tool for inclusivity: two random cards are dealt, a person &amp; a trait. Your challenge: Work out how you can meet their needs.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.interfaith-calendar.org\/\">Interfaith Calendar<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.timeanddate.com\/\">Time Zone Calculator<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.celt.iastate.edu\/teaching\/teaching-with-technology\/engaging-students\/\">Iowa State University has a page on student engagement techniques<\/a>\r\n\r\nHere are some free stock resources if you need imagery:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/\">Unsplash<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/\">Pexels<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rawpixel.com\/category\/53\/public-domain\">Rawpixel<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pond5.com\/\">Pond5<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iconfinder.com\/\">Iconfinder<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thenounproject.com\/\">The Noun Project<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/\">Internet Archive<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>References &amp; Case Studies<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/academicintegrity.org\/blog\/253-how-to-promote-academic-integrity-in-remote-learning\">How to promote Academic Integrity in Remote Learning<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facultyfocus.com\/articles\/online-education\/supporting-international-students-in-the-online-environment\/\">Supporting International Students in the Online Environment<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.armandesign.com\/cross-cultural-design\/\">Cross-Cultural Design<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/educators.aiga.org\/perspectives-reflections-thoughts-on-identity-race-and-design-education\/\">Perceptions &amp; Reflections<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/demagsign\/a-guide-to-cross-cultural-design-by-senongo-apkem-368c90de1b76\">A Guide to Cross-Cultural Design<\/a>","rendered":"<p>A cross-cultural classroom caters to the needs of people from many cultures, languages, and socioeconomic backgrounds. The diverse classroom model believes that culture aids people in understanding one other and helps navigate our worldly understanding of each other.<\/p>\n<p>Everything we do is viewed through the lens of internalized norms and biases in its context. Similarly, individuals behave and think in regular activities from the perspective of the culture they belong to. Thus, An individual can address cultural constraints through human-centred designs. What is Human-centered design?<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8230;it is based on a philosophy that empowers an individual or team to design products, services, systems, and experiences that address the core needs of those who experience a problem<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Design, D.C. (2017, August 14).\nWhat is human-centered design? DC Design. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/medium.com\/dc-design\/what-is-human-centered-design-6711c09e2779.\" id=\"return-footnote-378-1\" href=\"#footnote-378-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<br \/>\n<cite> &#8211; DC Design<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure style=\"width: 2560px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/09\/2-joel-mott-O9Ogddfvl-U-unsplash-scaled-4.jpg\" alt=\"A group photo of young people posing and having fun.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1714\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/O9Ogddfvl-U\">Photo<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@joelmott?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\">Joel Mott<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>This section will examine our ways of communicating and facilitating people on a global scale. Techniques in inclusive communication will be addressed for a more empathetic virtual community.<\/p>\n<p>As we go through each concept, we will better understand and be aware of inclusiveness while also learning how to practice and promote it. We will increase our knowledge and awareness of equity, diversity and inclusivity through recognizing our own unconscious biases. This exploration will establish an environment that welcomes various perspectives and supports expression in a safe space.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox callout\" style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>A commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion is the responsibility of all educators.<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>The following practices will be used to guide our actions and decisions.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Create a welcoming, supportive, and inclusive atmosphere that encourages all students to interact.<\/li>\n<li>Encourage behaviours that promote cultural understanding, respect, acceptance, and celebration of diverse cultures, beliefs, and ideas.<\/li>\n<li>Develop skills that will help us succeed in a multicultural setting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\"><strong>In this chapter you&#8217;ll explore:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Principles of Inclusion &amp; Diversity<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inclusivity strategies in teaching<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tools to utilize while exploring opportunities for personal reflection and growth<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Resources and tools for teachers and students that support diversity and inclusion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/12\/w2000_PRODUCTS_EpoxyTerrazo-e1637243979100-3.jpg\" alt=\"A terrazzo medallion created by Indigenous artist Joseph Sagaj at Seneca College.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"493\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Caption: A terrazzo medallion created by Indigenous artist Joseph Sagaj at Seneca\u2019s Centre for Innovation, Technology and Entrepreneurship (CITE). <br \/>Source: Seneca College, 2019, CC BY-NC-SA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<details><!-- Diversity --><\/p>\n<summary>Diversity<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>Having a diverse culture means valuing individuals&#8217; right to identify as people of different races, colours, ages, genders, beliefs, ethnicities, cultural backgrounds, marital and family statuses, economic circumstances, ideas, expressions, experiences, skills and capabilities.<\/p>\n<p>Diversity describes the ability of individuals, groups, and organizations to be different and yet similar.\u00a0Organizational diversity depends on the representation of multiple perspectives within a group.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u201cDiversity is being asked to the party. Inclusion is being asked to dance\u201d<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vernamyers.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.vernamyers.com\/\">Vera Myers<\/a> (https:\/\/www.vernamyers.com\/)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Inclusion --><\/p>\n<summary>Inclusion<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>A commitment to inclusion means ensuring that diverse people and people with different identities are fully engaged in every aspect of an organization\u2019s work, including leadership roles and decision-making processes.<\/p>\n<p>The concept of inclusion involves actively trying to ensure that diverse people from different backgrounds, with distinct identities, are fully included in all aspects of the classroom, including leadership positions and decision-making. In addition, it refers to how diverse individuals are respected and welcomed in the classroom community.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Equity --><\/p>\n<summary>Equity<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>As society continues to progress toward equality, a recognition of certain treatment for particular individuals&#8217; needs can help open up possibilities for their learning journey. possibilities. This is referred to as equity.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Engagement --><\/p>\n<summary>Engagement<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>Here are some guidelines and principles for engaging learners and promoting inclusivity in the classroom to encourage engagement, encourage inclusivity and establish a positive learning environment:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Respect<\/strong>: open-minded understanding among individuals and groups; we create a \u201csafe space\u201d for everyone to contribute without judgment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Purpose<\/strong>: Each classroom must build a community that promotes cooperation and respect.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cooperation<\/strong>: As a classroom community, collective contribution enhances individual success.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Freedom from discrimination<\/strong>: Working together to overcome unconscious bias and build a safe community where everyone may work together.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Expression of ideas<\/strong>: Support diverse views sensitively and respectfully and raise awareness of diverse viewpoints and engagement through education.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Lombardo, G. (23, June 2021). A guide to cross-cultural design \u2014 By Senongo Akpem. DeMagSign. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/medium.com\/demagsign\/a-guide-to-cross-cultural-design-by-senongo-apkem-368c90de1b76.\" id=\"return-footnote-378-2\" href=\"#footnote-378-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<h2>Cultural Dimensions can Help us Understand Cultures Better<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px\">Just as individuals have identities, so do nations and cultures. Cultural Anthropologist Geert Hofstede created in the early \u201880s a list of cultural dimensions.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Florentine, S. (14, February 2019). Diversity and inclusion: 8 best practices for changing your culture. CIO. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html.\" id=\"return-footnote-378-3\" href=\"#footnote-378-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a> <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00\">&lt;Wrong ref? check with SME&gt;<\/span><\/p>\n<details><!-- Power Distance --><\/p>\n<summary>Power Distance<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>It refers to how less powerful members of society both accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. In lower PD cultures, members of the society can openly question authority and the distribution of power, and see relationships between leaders and subordinates as more equal.<\/p>\n<p>\u2192 Ask yourself: What visual markers of authority should I use? What taxonomies will my audience recognize and accept?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Individualism vs Collectivism --><\/p>\n<summary>Individualism vs Collectivism<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>In individualistic societies, people believe in a strong right to privacy, limited use of state power, a strong free press, individual interests over group interests, and self-determination. At work, they value personal opinions, challenges, and material rewards more. In collectivistic societies, people believe that avoiding shame, saving face, and maintaining harmony within the group are the best ways to affect personal change. At work, they value training more and governments have tighter control of the press and the economy and prioritize consensus over personal freedoms.<\/p>\n<p>\u2192 Ask yourself: How do I show evidence of success in society? What motivates my users to make decisions?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Femininity vs Masculinity --><\/p>\n<summary>Femininity vs Masculinity<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>(note that these terms are based on traditional gender normatively). The \u201cmasculine\u201d dimension defines a society that prefers assertiveness, achievement, heroism, and toughness. Gender roles are strictly maintained, and there is little sympathy for those who are deemed weak or overly caring. \u201cFeminine\u201d societies prefer cooperation, modesty, and quality of life. The vulnerable are cared for, and there is less competition for resources and rewards. Gender roles are not rigidly enforced.<\/p>\n<p>\u2192 Ask yourself: What voice and tone are appropriate for my audience? Are competition and comparison a core part of the user experience?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Uncertainty Avoidance --><\/p>\n<summary>Uncertainty Avoidance<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>It measures a society\u2019s tolerance for ambiguity and the unexpected. A high degree of UA means that people expect clarity in communication, and are more direct and active in getting their point across. Differences are seen as threats. In cultures with a low degree of UA, people are more accepting of differences and show less anxiety around new or unexpected things.<\/p>\n<p>\u2192 Ask yourself: Does my interface encourage browsing and wandering, or targeted search and drill-downs?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Long- vs Short-term Orientation --><\/p>\n<summary>Long- vs Short-term Orientation<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>LTO societies see more value in looking toward the future; members of these societies are pragmatic, appreciate adaptability and focus on gaining useful skills over time, saving for the future \u2014 patiently adapting to market and cultural changes. STO cultures see more value in looking to the past and present; people in these societies prefer problem-solving for immediate results, and see rules and traditions as their primary sources of information.<\/p>\n<p>\u2192 Ask yourself: Does my content prioritize short- or long-term engagement? How do my content and visual identity treat family?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Indulgence vs Restraint --><\/p>\n<summary>Indulgence vs Restraint<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>An indulgent society allows its members relative freedom to enjoy life, participate in recreation and leisure, and pursue individual satisfaction. Restrained cultures control how their members satisfy their needs and desires; there are strict social, sexual, and disciplinary rules. Money is saved, not spent.<\/p>\n<p>\u2192 Ask yourself: Is happiness part of your experience? Are vices hinted at, ignored, or commented on openly?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>Everyone knows what a shoe is, but we all have a different vision of this. In the end, what we determine to be a shoe is not the same as what someone else might think. Like students, as much as we may think we know the students, they all have a different story.<\/p>\n<p>We must be mindful of the assumptions we make to avoid false categorizations and generalizations. Openness embodies diversity and inclusion. Be sure to cultivate an atmosphere that encourages new perspectives and approaches.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/12\/AdobeStock_176683280_cropped-scaled-4.jpeg\" alt=\"Diverse group of people having a discussion\" width=\"1024\" height=\"570\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/stock.adobe.com\/ca\/images\/business-people-are-having-a-discussion\/176683280?epik=dj0yJnU9UGd6VEtoWXhEdE4yR3Q1T2RCUEd2Q0JhTGkzWHhVNWQmcD0wJm49U1Z5bW5abEh3bTQ3WVpndzZZUUJpUSZ0PUFBQUFBR0dXWmhB&amp;content_id=176683280&amp;asset_id=176683280\">Photo<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/stock.adobe.com\/ca\/contributor\/204567087\/rawpixel-com?load_type=author&amp;prev_url=detail\">Rawpixel<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/stock.adobe.com\/ca\/free?ef_id=Cj0KCQiAkNiMBhCxARIsAIDDKNX7Y1P44Ii7amF9IaunowBEjcilbL1OlZ5BXjP3FUBrEsada6zAPHYaAtEKEALw_wcB:G:s&amp;s_kwcid=AL!3085!3!444559090928!e!!g!!adobe%20stock%20free!335482729!18992982049&amp;as_channel=sem&amp;as_campclass=brand&amp;as_campaign=CA|CPRO|Stock|PURCH|Brand_Exact|GG||&amp;as_source=google&amp;as_camptype=acquisition&amp;sdid=PQ7SQCN4&amp;mv=search&amp;gclid=Cj0KCQiAkNiMBhCxARIsAIDDKNX7Y1P44Ii7amF9IaunowBEjcilbL1OlZ5BXjP3FUBrEsada6zAPHYaAtEKEALw_wcB\">Adobe Stock free collection<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Respect, Compassion, and Justice<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Below is a list of points to consider for engagement:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Recognize that each person has distinct and specific needs in the classroom.<\/li>\n<li>Respect each person&#8217;s right to express and present themselves in terms of religion, culture, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, and physical and mental capability.<\/li>\n<li>Encourage inclusiveness by modifying procedures, activities, and surroundings as needed.<\/li>\n<li>Focus on the individual&#8217;s abilities without making assumptions or assigning labels.<\/li>\n<li>Incorporate diversity throughout all means of communication.<\/li>\n<li>Provide attention, respect, and justice to everybody.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"textbox callout\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail\" style=\"float: left\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/12\/Yellow__Idea-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Image Tips<\/h3>\n<p>When creating material for diverse cultures, keep image selections in mind. Images of individuals in swimwear at the beach, for example, may not be suitable in all countries due to cultural, religious, or geographic reasons.<\/p>\n<p>Consider how a person is portrayed in a photograph. Although it may seem apparent, when selecting imagery for a certain culture, be sure that the visuals you choose correctly reflect people in that culture. Diversity should be displayed throughout your presentations so all feel welcome and can imagine themselves within the situation described.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><strong>Diversity and inclusion: 8 best practices for changing culture<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 15px\">Here are a few highlights on inclusive practices from Sharon Florentine, CIO<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Florentine, S. (14, February 2019). Diversity and inclusion: 8 best practices for changing your culture. CIO. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html.\" id=\"return-footnote-378-4\" href=\"#footnote-378-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<details><!-- Establish a sense of belonging for everyone --><\/p>\n<summary>Establish a sense of belonging for everyone<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>For each individual to bring their best self forward, a sense of belonging must first be established. Having a connection to an organization or group of people that makes you feel you can be yourself not only results in greater engagement and creativity in the workplace, it\u2019s a psychological need.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Empathetic leadership is key --><\/p>\n<summary>Empathetic leadership is key<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>Diversity and inclusion are often treated as a single initiative. For real change to happen, every individual leader needs to buy into the value of belonging \u2014 both intellectually and emotionally. Part of this process requires tuning in to empathy; each person remembering a time when they were excluded, shamed, interrupted, and so on, so they can apply those lessons outwardly. Leaders have to feel it within themselves; then they can identify the relationship with feeling excluded or making others feel excluded. That\u2019s a critical starting point.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Inclusion is ongoing \u2014 not one-off training --><\/p>\n<summary>Inclusion is ongoing \u2014 not one-off training<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>It isn\u2019t enough to teach students and staff what it means to be inclusive. Like any form of behaviour change, inclusion requires individuals to identify key moments in which to build new habits or \u201cmicro behaviours\u201d (daily actions that can be practiced and measured).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Maximize joy and connection, minimize fear --><\/p>\n<summary>Maximize joy and connection, minimize fear<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>People are wired to react with fear and distrust when their beliefs are challenged. Finding ways to frame challenges through a lens of possibility \u2014 and elevating the power of shared experiences and storytelling to do so \u2014 creates greater potential for positive change.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details><!-- Forget \u2018fit\u2019 and focus on helping individuals thrive --><\/p>\n<summary>Forget \u2018fit\u2019 and focus on helping individuals thrive<\/summary>\n<div class=\"collapsed\">\n<p>The norms, power structures, and inequities in society can easily become embedded in an organization. Creating a culture where every individual can contribute their full potential requires investigating the systems and processes in your class to uncover sore spots and blind spots, and then finding ways to reimagine them.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u2018Fit\u2019 can be dangerous, because it can exclude,\u201d Clark says. \u201cYou have to first be able to identify and bring to life your class values, mission and purpose, and define \u2018fit\u2019 so that it adheres to those. You have to define it differently.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\">Activity<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div id=\"h5p-113\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-113\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"113\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Diversity and inclusion\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Key Takeaways: Terms and Concepts<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Race, faith and intersecting identities<\/li>\n<li>Dialogue, restoration and reflection<\/li>\n<li>Understand identities and incorporate this into engaging content<\/li>\n<li>Define, speak in simple terms, say it more than one way, repeat<\/li>\n<li>Create opportunities for the type of meaningful engagement that drives impact in learning<\/li>\n<li>Ensure equal access for students\/learners<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Resources &amp; Tools<\/h2>\n<p>Getting into college for disadvantaged students is only half the battle. Anthony Abraham Jack, Assistant Professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, reveals how and why they struggle and explains what schools can do differently if these students are to thrive. He urges us to grapple with a simple fact: access is not inclusion.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=j7w2Gv7ueOc\">On Diversity: Access Ain\u2019t Inclusion | Anthony Jack | TEDxCambridge<\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"On Diversity: Access Ain\u2019t Inclusion | Anthony Jack | TEDxCambridge\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/j7w2Gv7ueOc?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s8Sy2rOyloU\">Teaching International Students: Academic Integrity<\/a><\/p>\n<p>International students bring expectations of academic culture that are often not compatible with U.S. academic culture.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-2\" title=\"Teaching International Students: Academic Integrity\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/s8Sy2rOyloU?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/be-inclusive.sypartners.com\/\">Practicing Inclusivity &#8211; Tips, rituals, and prompts for leading a more inclusive team<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cardsforhumanity.idean.com\/\">Cards for Humanity<\/a>: A practical tool for inclusivity: two random cards are dealt, a person &amp; a trait. Your challenge: Work out how you can meet their needs.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.interfaith-calendar.org\/\">Interfaith Calendar<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.timeanddate.com\/\">Time Zone Calculator<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.celt.iastate.edu\/teaching\/teaching-with-technology\/engaging-students\/\">Iowa State University has a page on student engagement techniques<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Here are some free stock resources if you need imagery:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/\">Unsplash<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/\">Pexels<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rawpixel.com\/category\/53\/public-domain\">Rawpixel<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pond5.com\/\">Pond5<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iconfinder.com\/\">Iconfinder<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thenounproject.com\/\">The Noun Project<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/\">Internet Archive<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>References &amp; Case Studies<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/academicintegrity.org\/blog\/253-how-to-promote-academic-integrity-in-remote-learning\">How to promote Academic Integrity in Remote Learning<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facultyfocus.com\/articles\/online-education\/supporting-international-students-in-the-online-environment\/\">Supporting International Students in the Online Environment<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.armandesign.com\/cross-cultural-design\/\">Cross-Cultural Design<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/educators.aiga.org\/perspectives-reflections-thoughts-on-identity-race-and-design-education\/\">Perceptions &amp; Reflections<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/demagsign\/a-guide-to-cross-cultural-design-by-senongo-apkem-368c90de1b76\">A Guide to Cross-Cultural Design<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-378-1\"> Design, D.C. (2017, August 14).\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/dc-design\/what-is-human-centered-design-6711c09e2779\"><em>What is human-centered design?<\/em><\/a> DC Design. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/medium.com\/dc-design\/what-is-human-centered-design-6711c09e2779. <a href=\"#return-footnote-378-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-378-2\">Lombardo, G. (23, June 2021). <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/demagsign\/a-guide-to-cross-cultural-design-by-senongo-apkem-368c90de1b76\"><em>A guide to cross-cultural design \u2014 By Senongo Akpem<\/em><\/a>. DeMagSign. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/medium.com\/demagsign\/a-guide-to-cross-cultural-design-by-senongo-apkem-368c90de1b76. <a href=\"#return-footnote-378-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-378-3\">Florentine, S. (14, February 2019). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html\"><em>Diversity and inclusion: 8 best practices for changing your culture<\/em><\/a>. CIO. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html. <a href=\"#return-footnote-378-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-378-4\">Florentine, S. (14, February 2019). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html\"><em>Diversity and inclusion: 8 best practices for changing your culture<\/em><\/a>. CIO. Retrieved November 30, 2021, from https:\/\/www.cio.com\/article\/3262704\/diversity-and-inclusion-8-best-practices-for-changing-your-culture.html. <a href=\"#return-footnote-378-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":"cc-by"},"chapter-type":[49],"contributor":[],"license":[53],"class_list":["post-378","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless","license-cc-by"],"part":365,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":401,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/378\/revisions\/401"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/365"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/378\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=378"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=378"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.publishdot.com\/sbvqualitycourses\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}